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History of modern literature
The history of literature in the Modern period in Europe begins with the Age of Enlightenment and the conclusion of the Baroque period in the 18th century, succeeding the Renaissance and Early Modern periods.
In the classical literary cultures outside of Europe, the Modern period begins later,
in Ottoman Turkey with the Tanzimat reforms (1820s),
in Qajar Persia under Nasser al-Din Shah (1830s), the century is also synonymous with end of the Mughal era and the establishment of the British Raj (1850s) in India, in Japan with the Meiji restoration (1860s), in China with the New Culture Movement (1910s).
==18th century==
(詳細はBaroque period and the incipient Age of Enlightenment with authors such as Immanuel Kant, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau or Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. European cultural influence begins to spread to other continents, notably Edo period Japan, with notable authors of the period including Ueda Akinari and Santō Kyōden.
Early American literature appears towards the end of the century, e.g. with ''The Power of Sympathy'' by William Hill Brown (1789). The late 18th century in Germany sees the beginning Romantic (Novalis) and ''Sturm und Drang'' (Goethe und Schiller) movements.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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